Date of Award

1-1-2019

Language

English

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

College/School/Department

Department of Environmental Health Sciences

Content Description

1 online resource (xviii, 327 pages) : illustrations (some color)

Dissertation/Thesis Chair

Patrick J Parsons

Committee Members

Kurunthachalam Kannan, Beth Feingold, Linda Nie, Xianliang Zhou

Keywords

Lead poisoning in animals, Lead, Atomic spectra, Keratinization, Horns

Subject Categories

Analytical Chemistry | Environmental Health

Abstract

Human biomonitoring for toxic metals such as lead (Pb) provides information about absorbed dose from all exposure routes, and is critical for identifying exposed individuals and assessing health risks. Blood Pb and bone Pb are the primary validated biomarkers for assessing short-term and historical Pb exposures, respectively, while non-traditional matrices, including keratinized tissues, can provide complementary exposure information. Hard keratinized tissues – including hair, nails, hooves, and horns – grow incrementally, potentially preserving chemical exposure histories over a span of days to years. Analytical limitations and poor interlaboratory reproducibility, however, have led to debate around the use of human nails and hair in biomonitoring, particularly for Pb.

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