Date of Award

Spring 2026

Language

English

Embargo Period

4-30-2026

Document Type

Master's Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

College/School/Department

Department of Chemistry

Program

Chemistry

First Advisor

John Welch

Keywords

Cosmetic Chemistry, Red Lipstick, Cosmetic Formulation, Analytical Chemistry, Psychology, Green Chemistry

Subject Categories

Analytical Chemistry | Biochemistry | Environmental Chemistry | Forensic Chemistry | Inorganic Chemistry | Laboratory and Basic Science Research | Materials Chemistry | Multicultural Psychology | Organic Chemistry | Other Chemistry | Personality and Social Contexts | Social Psychology

Abstract

Cosmetic chemistry is deeply embedded in everyday life, shaping the products people use from morning to night. Among these, red lipstick stands out as a formulation that blends complex chemistry with a cultural meaning. This thesis examines the scientific foundations of red lipstick through its chemical composition, pigment structure, toxicological history, analytical methods, and evolving sustainability practices. Historically, red lipsticks relied on high-risk ingredients such as lead, mercury, and other toxic metals, reflecting an era before chemical safety and regulatory oversight were incorporated.21 Modern formulations have established safer synthetic dyes, natural waxes, plant-based oils, and stabilizers created to optimize performance while minimizing health concerns.21 Through an interdisciplinary approach that connects organic chemistry, materials science, toxicology, and cultural analysis, this work explores how red lipstick has evolved into a chemically sophisticated and culturally significant product. The findings highlight the importance of green chemistry, regulatory compliance, and consumer transparency in shaping the future of cosmetic formulation.21 Ultimately, safety considerations and cultural identity intersect within a single iconic cosmetic product.

License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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