Date of Award

1-1-2022

Language

English

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

College/School/Department

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics

Program

Epidemiology

Content Description

1 online resource (xiv, 136, [1] pages) : illustrations.

Dissertation/Thesis Chair

Marilyn L Browne

Committee Members

Alissa R Van Zutphen, Martha M Werler

Keywords

antifungal, birth defects, epidemiology, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, pregnancy, Antifungal agents, Pregnant women, Abnormalities, Human

Subject Categories

Epidemiology

Abstract

Fungal infections, especially vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), are common among pregnant women. Therefore, it is important to study the effect that antifungal medications may have on the developing fetus. Recent studies have suggested there are positive associations between birth defects and specific oral antifungals. In this dissertation, maternal antifungal use during pregnancy was examined using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). The NBDPS was multi-site, population-based, case-control study and included women with estimated delivery dates during October 1997 through December 2011. It was designed to investigate risk factors associated with more than 30 categories of major birth defects. The aims of this dissertation were to (1) examine the prevalence of antifungal medication use among control women in the NBDPS and determine if the prevalence was different among categories of maternal age and maternal race/ethnicity, (2) estimate the risk of congenital heart defects (CHD) associated with antifungal medication use, and (3) estimate the risk of other selected NBDPS-eligible birth defects associated with antifungal medication use.

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